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Further cleanup rainbow_text example. #26057

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Jun 4, 2023
Merged

Further cleanup rainbow_text example. #26057

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92 changes: 24 additions & 68 deletions galleries/examples/text_labels_and_annotations/rainbow_text.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,75 +1,31 @@
"""
============
Rainbow text
============

The example shows how to string together several text objects.

History
-------
On the matplotlib-users list back in February 2012, Gökhan Sever asked the
following question:

| Is there a way in matplotlib to partially specify the color of a string?
|
| Example:
|
| plt.ylabel("Today is cloudy.")
|
| How can I show "today" as red, "is" as green and "cloudy." as blue?
|
| Thanks.

The solution below is modified from Paul Ivanov's original answer.
====================================================
Concatenating text objects with different properties
====================================================

The example strings together several Text objects with different properties
(e.g., color or font), positioning each one after the other. The first Text
is created directly using `~.Axes.text`; all subsequent ones are created with
`~.Axes.annotate`, which allows positioning the Text's lower left corner at the
lower right corner (``xy=(1, 0)``) of the previous one (``xycoords=text``).
"""

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


def rainbow_text(x, y, strings, colors, orientation='horizontal',
ax=None, **kwargs):
"""
Take a list of *strings* and *colors* and place them next to each
other, with text strings[i] being shown in colors[i].

Parameters
----------
x, y : float
Text position in data coordinates.
strings : list of str
The strings to draw.
colors : list of color
The colors to use.
orientation : {'horizontal', 'vertical'}
ax : Axes, optional
The Axes to draw into. If None, the current axes will be used.
**kwargs :
All other keyword arguments are passed to plt.text() and plt.annotate(), so you
can set the font size, family, etc.
"""
if ax is None:
ax = plt.gca()

assert orientation in ['horizontal', 'vertical']
if orientation == 'horizontal':
txt = ax.text(x, y, strings[0], color=colors[0], **kwargs)
for s, c in zip(strings[1:], colors[1:]):
txt = ax.annotate(' ' + s, xy=(1, 0), xycoords=txt,
va="bottom", color=c, **kwargs)

elif orientation == 'vertical':
kwargs.update(rotation=90, verticalalignment='bottom')
txt = ax.text(x, y, strings[0], color=colors[0], **kwargs)
for s, c in zip(strings[1:], colors[1:]):
txt = ax.annotate(' ' + s, xy=(0, 1), xycoords=txt,
va="bottom", color=c, **kwargs)


words = "all unicorns poop rainbows ! ! !".split()
colors = ['red', 'orange', 'gold', 'lawngreen', 'lightseagreen', 'royalblue',
'blueviolet']
plt.figure(figsize=(8, 8))
rainbow_text(0.1, 0.05, words, colors, size=18)
rainbow_text(0.05, 0.1, words, colors, orientation='vertical', size=18)
plt.rcParams["font.size"] = 20
ax = plt.figure().add_subplot(xticks=[], yticks=[])

# The first word, created with text().
text = ax.text(.1, .5, "Matplotlib", color="red")
# Subsequent words, positioned with annotate(), relative to the preceding one.
text = ax.annotate(
" says,", xycoords=text, xy=(1, 0), verticalalignment="bottom",
color="gold", weight="bold") # custom properties
text = ax.annotate(
" hello", xycoords=text, xy=(1, 0), verticalalignment="bottom",
color="green", style="italic") # custom properties
text = ax.annotate(
" world!", xycoords=text, xy=(1, 0), verticalalignment="bottom",
color="blue", family="serif") # custom properties

plt.show()