gh-111881: Use lazy imports in the random module

vstinner · vstinner · commit f19af2f9e937 · 2023-11-09T15:53:55.000+01:00
The random module now imports the _sha2 module lazily in the
Random.seed() method for str, bytes and bytearray seeds. It also
imports lazily the warnings module in the _randbelow() method for
classes without getrandbits(). Lazy import makes Python startup
faster and reduces the number of imported modules at startup.
diff --git a/Lib/random.py b/Lib/random.py
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@
 # Adrian Baddeley.  Adapted by Raymond Hettinger for use with
 # the Mersenne Twister  and os.urandom() core generators.
 
-from warnings import warn as _warn
 from math import log as _log, exp as _exp, pi as _pi, e as _e, ceil as _ceil
 from math import sqrt as _sqrt, acos as _acos, cos as _cos, sin as _sin
 from math import tau as TWOPI, floor as _floor, isfinite as _isfinite
@@ -63,13 +62,6 @@
 import os as _os
 import _random
 
-try:
-    # hashlib is pretty heavy to load, try lean internal module first
-    from _sha2 import sha512 as _sha512
-except ImportError:
-    # fallback to official implementation
-    from hashlib import sha512 as _sha512
-
 __all__ = [
     "Random",
     "SystemRandom",
@@ -159,6 +151,14 @@ def seed(self, a=None, version=2):
             a = -2 if x == -1 else x
 
         elif version == 2 and isinstance(a, (str, bytes, bytearray)):
+            try:
+                # hashlib is pretty heavy to load, try lean internal
+                # module first
+                from _sha2 import sha512 as _sha512
+            except ImportError:
+                # fallback to official implementation
+                from hashlib import sha512 as _sha512
+
             if isinstance(a, str):
                 a = a.encode()
             a = int.from_bytes(a + _sha512(a).digest())
@@ -257,9 +257,10 @@ def _randbelow_without_getrandbits(self, n, maxsize=1<<BPF):
 
         random = self.random
         if n >= maxsize:
-            _warn("Underlying random() generator does not supply \n"
-                "enough bits to choose from a population range this large.\n"
-                "To remove the range limitation, add a getrandbits() method.")
+            from warnings import warn
+            warn("Underlying random() generator does not supply \n"
+                 "enough bits to choose from a population range this large.\n"
+                 "To remove the range limitation, add a getrandbits() method.")
             return _floor(random() * n)
         rem = maxsize % n
         limit = (maxsize - rem) / maxsize   # int(limit * maxsize) % n == 0
